Berliet had been a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military automobiles among other vehicles operating out of Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from the five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when ıt had been put into 'administration sequestre' it had been in private ownership until 1967 when it then became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired by Renault in 1974 along with merged with Saviem in to a new Renault Trucks corporation in 1978. The Berliet marque was phased out by 1980.Marius Berliet started his experiments with automobiles with 1894. Some single-cylinder cars were followed in 1900 by the twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over your plant of Audibert & Lavirotte throughout Lyon. Berliet started to assemble four-cylinder automobiles featured by way of honeycomb radiator and metallic chassis frame was used instead of wood. The next year, a model was launched which was similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the license for manufacturing his model on the American Locomotive Company.
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Previous to World War I, Berliet offered a array of models from 8 CV to 60 CV. The main models got four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder type of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc product (12 CV) has been produced between 1910 and also 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were manufactured upon individual orders just.The First World War resulted in a massive increase sought after. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the actual French army. The military orders placed major demands on the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment with production plant and manufacturing area space.In 1915 a four hundred hectare site was acquired between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest to be able to build a new key factory.The Berliet CBA became the iconic truck on the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle entrance at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 lot Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the French army. During 1916 40 ones were leaving the plant each day. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also providing shells and battle tanks at the moment. The number of staff employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the value of annual turnover acquired multiplied fourfold since the beginning of the war, and a new legal structure was deemed proper. The company became the particular Société anonyme des Vehicles Marius Berliet.As soon as the war the manufacturer reoriented portion of its production back in order to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless discovered themselves with excess volume, as the army was no more buying all the trucks the factory could produce, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded to the outbreak of peace by deciding to provide just a single type of truck and a single sort of car, which represented a travel from his pre-war marketplace strategy. The single truck where Berliet focused was the 5 ton CBA that had served the media so well during the war.
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The passenger car to become produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand at the 15th Paris Motor Display in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Kind VB" of modern visual appeal. Marius Berliet was not merely one to miss a key: rather than devote occasion and engineering talent to developing a new car for the newest decade, he obtained and replicated an American Dodge. The Dodge was notoriously robust, and the Berliet backup was well received with March 1919 when this had its first open public outing, locally, at the Lyon Deal Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high along with the simple disc wheels had been large, giving the car a nice "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the price of just 11, 800 francs in October 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed to make certain the steel used from the car's construction was with the same quality as the North american steel used for the Dodge, and this resulted in series problems for the early customers of this "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational injury to the company.
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The factory ended up set up to make the "Berliet Type VB" for the rate of 100 cars per day which would have been recently an ambitious target under any circumstances. The rapid drop-off in demand for what at this time was the manufacturer's solely passenger car model that followed the quality issues plunged the small business into financial difficulties, with losses of 55 million francs recorded a single year. Survival was in hesitation, and Berliet was put in judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% in the share capital, but was unable in order to all the company's creditors as well as the firm therefore fell in the hands of the finance institutions. Berliet was nevertheless in a position to retain operational control. During the ensuring decade, supported by a sustained recovery in demand that in turn reflected a simple yet effective model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able in order to his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control over the business from the finance institutions.
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