Berliet has been a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military cars among other vehicles situated in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from a new five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it had been put into 'administration sequestre' it was in private ownership until 1967 when after that it became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired by simply Renault in 1974 in addition to merged with Saviem right new Renault Trucks firm in 1978. The Berliet marque was phased out by 1980.Marius Berliet started his experiments with automobiles in 1894. Some single-cylinder cars had been followed in 1900 by a twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over your plant of Audibert & Lavirotte throughout Lyon. Berliet started to build four-cylinder automobiles featured by way of a honeycomb radiator and metallic chassis frame was used rather then wood. The next year, a model was launched that was similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the permit for manufacturing his model for the American Locomotive Company.
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Just before World War I, Berliet offered a selection of models from 8 CONTINUE to 60 CV. The main models acquired four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder type of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc model (12 CV) ended up being produced between 1910 and also 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were produced upon individual orders only.The First World War led to a massive increase sought after. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for this French army. The military orders placed major demands about the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment in production plant and manufacturer space.In 1915 a 400 hectare site was obtained between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest to be able to build a new main factory.The Berliet CBA evolved into the iconic truck around the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle front at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 heap Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the French army. During 1916 40 of these were leaving the plant each day. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also providing shells and battle tanks at the moment. The number of staff employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the price of annual turnover received multiplied fourfold since the start of the war, and a new appropriate structure was deemed proper. The company became the Société anonyme des Cars Marius Berliet.Following the war the manufacturer reoriented portion of its production back to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless observed themselves with excess potential, as the army was not buying all the pickup trucks the factory could generate, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded towards the outbreak of peace by deciding to provide just a single sort of truck and a single style of car, which represented a travel from his pre-war current market strategy. The single truck on which Berliet focused was your 5 ton CBA that had served the united states so well during the particular war.
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The passenger car to be produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand for the 15th Paris Motor Display in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Sort VB" of modern overall look. Marius Berliet was not just one to miss a technique: rather than devote time period and engineering talent to making a new car for the newest decade, he obtained and duplicated an American Dodge. The Dodge was notoriously robust, and the Berliet backup was well received within March 1919 when that had its first community outing, locally, at the Lyon Trade Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high as well as the simple disc wheels had been large, giving the car a nice "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the price of just 11, 800 francs in Oct 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed to ensure that the steel used in the car's construction was in the same quality as the United states steel used for this Dodge, and this resulted in series problems for your early customers of the particular "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational damage to the company.
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The factory were being set up to generate the "Berliet Type VB" in the rate of 100 cars per day which would have been an ambitious target under any circumstances. The rapid drop-off sought after for what at this stage was the manufacturer's simply passenger car model that followed the quality issues plunged the small business into financial difficulties, with losses of fifty five million francs recorded in a single year. Survival was in doubt, and Berliet was placed in judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% in the share capital, but was unable to all the company's creditors and also the firm therefore fell in to the hands of the banking institutions. Berliet was nevertheless capable to retain operational control. During the ensuring 10 years, supported by a sustained recovery popular that in turn reflected a powerful model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to settle his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control within the business from the finance institutions.
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