Berliet has been a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military vehicles among other vehicles situated in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from a five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when ıt had been put into 'administration sequestre' it turned out in private ownership until 1967 when after that it became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired through Renault in 1974 in addition to merged with Saviem into a new Renault Trucks business in 1978. The Berliet marque was phased out by 1980.Marius Berliet started their experiments with automobiles inside 1894. Some single-cylinder cars have been followed in 1900 with a twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the particular plant of Audibert & Lavirotte in Lyon. Berliet started to build four-cylinder automobiles featured by way of a honeycomb radiator and metal chassis frame was used instead of wood. The next year, a model was launched that had been similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the license for manufacturing his model on the American Locomotive Company.
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Previous to World War I, Berliet offered a selection of models from 8 CV to 60 CV. The main models received four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder style of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc style (12 CV) was produced between 1910 in addition to 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were created upon individual orders just.The First World War led to a massive increase widely used. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the French army. The military orders placed major demands around the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment inside production plant and manufacturing plant space.In 1915 a 600 hectare site was bought between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest to be able to build a new major factory.The Berliet CBA grew to become the iconic truck around the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle the front at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 great deal Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the French army. During 1916 40 of which were leaving the plant daily. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also making shells and battle tanks at the moment. The number of employees employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the importance of annual turnover got multiplied fourfold since the beginning of the war, and a new legal structure was deemed suitable. The company became the particular Société anonyme des Cars Marius Berliet.As soon as the war the manufacturer reoriented portion of its production back in order to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless observed themselves with excess ability, as the army was no more buying all the vans the factory could develop, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded on the outbreak of peace by deciding to make just a single type of truck and a single style of car, which represented a starting from his pre-war industry strategy. The single truck on which Berliet focused was your 5 ton CBA that had served the united states so well during the war.
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The passenger car to get produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand at the 15th Paris Motor Present in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Variety VB" of modern appearance. Marius Berliet was probably none to miss a tip: rather than devote period and engineering talent to possessing a new car for the revolutionary decade, he obtained and duplicated an American Dodge. The Dodge was famously robust, and the Berliet copy was well received inside March 1919 when this had its first public outing, locally, at the Lyon Deal Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high plus the simple disc wheels have been large, giving the car an enjoyable "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the expense of just 11, 800 francs in April 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed in order that the steel used in the car's construction was of the same quality as the American steel used for your Dodge, and this resulted in series problems for the early customers of the particular "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational damage to the company.
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The factory had been set up to produce the "Berliet Type VB" in the rate of 100 cars daily which would have been recently an ambitious target under any circumstances. The rapid drop-off successful for what during this period was the manufacturer's merely passenger car model that followed the standard issues plunged the small business into financial difficulties, with losses of 55 million francs recorded available as one year. Survival was in doubt, and Berliet was slipped into judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% from the share capital, but was unable to all the company's creditors and the firm therefore fell into your hands of the banking companies. Berliet was nevertheless in a position to retain operational control. During the ensuring 10 years, supported by a sustained recovery successful that in turn reflected a powerful model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to repay his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control above the business from the banking institutions.
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